Fever in dogs
Key information:
Fever, also called пирексия, in dogs, is an increase in normal body temperature from the body's internal regulatory system (the hypothalamus). This is different from hyperthermia, in which body temperature increases due to external factors such as heat stroke or exhaustion, without a change in the set temperature. Normal body temperature in dogs ranges between 37,8°C and 39,3°C. A fever of over 41°C is considered a medical emergency.
What is fever in dogs?
Fever is one of the body's main responses to fight infection and is not always a cause for concern. A veterinarian's consultation is recommended for a temperature above 39,5°C lasting more than 24 hours. A moderate fever between 39,4°C and 40°C requires more urgent attention. Temperatures above 41°C require immediate medical attention as they can cause serious organ damage and life-threatening conditions such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
Because a fever is an immune response, it occurs as a result of another problem in the dog's body. Due to the wide range of possible causes, it is difficult to determine the severity of a fever until the underlying cause is identified.
Risk factors
Fever can vary greatly in severity. It is most often caused by infections and inflammation. Mild fevers associated with vaccinations, surgery, or minor infections often resolve without the need for treatment. Fever usually comes on suddenly, but it can also be cyclical, recurring. In most cases, it is accompanied by other symptoms that help narrow down the possible causes.
Possible reasons
The main causes of fever generally fall into the following categories:
- Infections: Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections
- Inflammatory processes: Autoimmune diseases or other inflammatory conditions
- Vaccinations: Short-term fever following a vaccine
- Surgical interventions: Transient fever after surgery
Tests and diagnostics
Fever is easily detected by taking the animal's temperature. Once the fever is identified, further diagnostic tests are needed to determine the underlying cause. Such tests include:
- Physical examination: Assessment of the dog's general condition
- Blood tests: Complete blood count and biochemical analyses
- Urine analysis: Assess kidney function and detect infections
- Imaging diagnostics: X-rays or ultrasound to visualize internal organs
- Specialized tests: Identification of infectious agents such as viruses, fungi, or bacteria
Healer
Treatment of fever is aimed at eliminating the underlying cause. With proper treatment, fever usually resolves along with the underlying disease. Due to the variety of possible causes, therapy can vary greatly.
If you are concerned about your dog's health, it is recommended that you contact a veterinarian for further information and advice.
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